This is part of a multimedia training program for a typical basic laparoscopic operation.

You can use this article on its own or follow the whole program (further details at the end of this article).

Basic laparoscopy: Cholecystectomy 04.1 Pathology introduction

The following pathological account applies to primary gallstones forming in the gallbladder.

It does not include consideration of primary bile duct stones.

The pathological pictures depicted here are often blurred or overlap in reality.

But division of the pathological processes into clear groups should enable the trainee surgeon to make useful predictions of what

he may encounter in the abdomen.

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