This is part of a multimedia training program for a typical basic laparoscopic operation.

You can use this article on its own or follow the whole program (further details at the end of this article).

Basic laparoscopy: Cholecystectomy 02.2 Disadvantages

More electronic equipment.

More surgical skills needed.

Orientation in 2 dimensions rather than 3.

Remote view via a TV monitor.

Accommodate loss of touch.

Accommodate loss of some colour contrast.

Restraints on the ease of cannulating, and exploring the bile ducts.

Incompletely developed new surgical instruments and materials.

Unfamiliarity with equipment and materials.

Lack of detailed information about the use of equipment and materials.

Risk of damage to bowel and large blood vessels.

More bile duct damage compared with the open operation.

More expensive.

• • • Most of the disadvantages can be overcome by adequate information and safe surgical techniques.

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